English / Greek · sēmeîon

semiotics

A name for a looking you already do: how one thing stands for another, and that it does not always stand in the same way.

Etymology

Greek sēmeîon: mark, token, omen, medical symptom. English semiotics is the study of that standing-for. Semiology is the sister word from Saussure’s French. The house prefers the looking to the school.1

Semantic range

A pipe that looks like a pipe. Smoke that came from fire. A flag you were taught. The word pipe, which does not look like a pipe at all. A sentence that can lie. Magritte writing under a picture: this is not a pipe.2

What the gloss loses

The word sounds like a department. It is closer to a question: what job is the standing-for doing, to whom, in what respect.

Misuse

Using semiotics as a fog. Or treating every coincidence as a coded telegram because a science of signs exists.

How does this stand for anything, if it does?

Notes

  1. Henry George Liddell and Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1940), s.v. σημεῖον.
  2. Charles S. Peirce, “What Is a Sign?,” in The Essential Peirce: Selected Philosophical Writings, ed. the Peirce Edition Project, vol. 2, 4–10 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1998).